diff --git a/src/function.ts b/src/function.ts
index 61d0e87..36c107a 100644
--- a/src/function.ts
+++ b/src/function.ts
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ export function wrapNative(vm: VM, fn: Function): (this: VM, ...args: Value[]) =
   const wrapped = async function (this: VM, ...values: Value[]) {
     const nativeArgs = values.map(arg => fromValue(arg, vm))
     const result = await fn.call(this, ...nativeArgs)
-    return toValue(result)
+    return toValue(result, this)
   }
 
   const wrappedObj = wrapped as any
diff --git a/src/value.ts b/src/value.ts
index 175c4a4..be65dea 100644
--- a/src/value.ts
+++ b/src/value.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { wrapNative } from "./function"
 import { OpCode } from "./opcode"
 import { Scope } from "./scope"
 import { VM } from "./vm"
@@ -41,7 +42,7 @@ export function isValue(v: any): boolean {
   return !!(v && typeof v === 'object' && v.type && 'value' in v)
 }
 
-export function toValue(v: any): Value /* throws */ {
+export function toValue(v: any, vm?: VM): Value /* throws */ {
   if (v === null || v === undefined)
     return { type: 'null', value: null }
 
@@ -49,7 +50,7 @@ export function toValue(v: any): Value /* throws */ {
     return v as Value
 
   if (Array.isArray(v))
-    return { type: 'array', value: v.map(toValue) }
+    return { type: 'array', value: v.map(x => toValue(x, vm)) }
 
   if (v instanceof RegExp)
     return { type: 'regex', value: v }
@@ -64,11 +65,12 @@ export function toValue(v: any): Value /* throws */ {
     case 'function':
       if ((v as any)[REEF_FUNCTION])
         return (v as any)[REEF_FUNCTION]
-      throw new Error("can't toValue() a js function yet")
+      if (!vm) throw new Error("can't toValue() function without a vm")
+      return { type: 'native', fn: wrapNative(vm, v), value: '<function>' }
     case 'object':
       const dict: Dict = new Map()
 
-      for (const key of Object.keys(v)) dict.set(key, toValue(v[key]))
+      for (const key of Object.keys(v)) dict.set(key, toValue(v[key], vm))
 
       return { type: 'dict', value: dict }
     default:
@@ -210,10 +212,10 @@ export function fnFromValue(fn: Value, vm: VM): Function {
     newVM.scope = fn.parentScope
 
     newVM.stack.push(fn)
-    newVM.stack.push(...positional.map(toValue))
+    newVM.stack.push(...positional.map(x => toValue(x, vm)))
     for (const [key, val] of Object.entries(named)) {
       newVM.stack.push(toValue(key))
-      newVM.stack.push(toValue(val))
+      newVM.stack.push(toValue(val, vm))
     }
     newVM.stack.push(toValue(positional.length))
     newVM.stack.push(toValue(Object.keys(named).length))
diff --git a/src/vm.ts b/src/vm.ts
index 5d8b9d0..bfccc5c 100644
--- a/src/vm.ts
+++ b/src/vm.ts
@@ -49,14 +49,11 @@ export class VM {
   }
 
   set(name: string, value: any) {
-    if (typeof value === 'function')
-      this.setFunction(name, value)
-    else
-      this.scope.set(name, toValue(value))
+    this.scope.set(name, toValue(value, this))
   }
 
   setFunction(name: string, fn: TypeScriptFunction) {
-    this.scope.set(name, { type: 'native', fn: wrapNative(this, fn), value: '<function>' })
+    this.scope.set(name, toValue(fn, this))
   }
 
   setValueFunction(name: string, fn: NativeFunction) {
diff --git a/tests/native.test.ts b/tests/native.test.ts
index 67a8d0f..6aa3c54 100644
--- a/tests/native.test.ts
+++ b/tests/native.test.ts
@@ -1759,4 +1759,28 @@ test("builtin global functions are placed into a higher level scope", async () =
 
   expect(globals).toEqual(['sum', 'greet'])
   expect(locals).toEqual(['x'])
+})
+
+
+test("builtin global scope can be values too", async () => {
+  const bytecode = toBytecode(`
+    PUSH 1
+    STORE x
+    HALT
+    `)
+
+  const vm = new VM(bytecode, {
+    pi: 3.14,
+    universe: true,
+    algorithms: {
+      bigOne: () => false,
+    }
+  })
+  await vm.run()
+
+  const locals = Array.from(vm.scope.locals.entries()).map(([name,]) => name)
+  const globals = Array.from(vm.scope.parent!.locals.entries()).map(([name,]) => name)
+
+  expect(globals).toEqual(['pi', 'universe', 'algorithms'])
+  expect(locals).toEqual(['x'])
 })
\ No newline at end of file